The doge was the elected head of the Venetian Republic. He was elected for life by an arcane process that also included drawing lots.
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The Doge

The doge was the elected head of the Venetian Republic. He was elected for life by an arcane process that also included drawing lots.
Venice was a republic from the beginning, but in a time when hereditary power was the norm, why did Venice become a republic and not a monarchy?