Exarchate of Ravenna
The Exarchate of Ravenna was an ad hoc organisation of the Byzantine dominions in Italy, established c.584, in the face of the Lombard invasion and gradual conquest of much of the Italian peninsula.
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Exarchs of Ravenna
An incomplete list of the Byzantine exarchs (vice-emperors) of the Exarchate of Ravenna.
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Venetian refugees
Following the Lombard invasion and conquest of Venetia, a part of the Venetian population of the mainland cities fled or left for the settlements in the nearby lagoons.
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The conquest of Venetia
The invasion of the Lombards in 568 was only the first part of the Lombard conquest of the Byzantine province of Venetia.
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Chronology of the Lombard invasion
A list of some of the main events of the Lombard conquest of Byzantine Venetia and other parts of Italy.
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The Lombard Invasion
The Lombard invasion of Byzantine Italy in 568 was a pivotal event in Venetian history, as it kicked off the movement towards a distinct Venetian society, culture and, ultimately, state.
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Translatio Marci Evangelistae Venetias (English)
This document is the earliest description of the translation of St Mark to Venice in 827–828, and also of early Venice. This is a translation by René Seindal.
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Venice might not have been
Venice was an independent state for almost a millennium, but it might note have been. It all hinged on a single battle fought in the Venetian lagoon in 810.
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Invasions of Italy in Late Antiquity
In late Antiquity the north-east of the Italian peninsula suffered many invasions. The wars caused people to move to the safer lagoon areas, and hence to the foundation of Venice.
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‘New’ frescoes in the Torcello basilica
Recently discovered frescoes in the church of Torcello, former seat of the bishop, attest the close connections early Venice had to the Caroligian empire.